# this will allow to install a desktop environment
pacman -S xorg-server

# Driver installation https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Xorg
# install video driver depending on hardware that you have
# First, identify the graphics card (the Subsystem output shows the specific model):
lspci -v | grep -A1 -e VGA -e 3D
# Then, install an appropriate driver. You can search the package database for a complete list of open-source video drivers:
pacman -Ss xf86-video
# amd
pacman -S xf86-video-amdgpu
# intel
pacman -S xf86-video-intel

pacman -S mesa # for intel or amd gpu
pacman -S nvidia # if you have nvidia gpu if you installed the "linux" kernel
pacman -S nvidia-lts # if you have nvidia gpu if you installed the "linux-lts" kernel. OR both if you have installed both linux kernels.

pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics  # Synaptics driver for notebook touchpads

# For virtual box only
pacman -S virtualbox-guest-utils xf86-video-vmware
systemctl enable vboxservice

pacman -S gnome
pacman -S gnome-tweaks

systemctl enable gdm # enable the login screen to appear

pacman -S plasma-meta kde-applications
systemctl enable sddm

pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies
pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter # install the display manager
systemctl enable lightdm

# Installing KDE Plasma desktop. 
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KDE#Plasma
# A. the lightest version
pacman -S xorg plasma-meta plasma-wayland-session
# B. light version instead of “kde-applications-meta” add
#pacman -S xorg plasma-meta plasma-wayland-session kde-utilities-meta kde-accessibility-meta
# C. full version
#pacman -S xorg plasma-meta plasma-wayland-session kde-applications-meta

# other tools if you want to install https://archlinux.org/groups/
# Xorg group
# KDE Plasma Desktop Environment
# Wayland session for KDE Plasma
# KDE applications group (consists of KDE specific applications including the Dolphin manager and other useful apps)

# Enable the Display Manager and Network Manager services:
systemctl enable sddm.service
systemctl enable NetworkManager.service

pacman -S bluez bluez-utils pipewire wget firefox neofetch
systemctl enable bluetooth.service
systemctl start bluetooth.service

pacman --help
pacman -S --help

pacman -Ss # search for packages
pacman -Sy # update all packages
pacman -Syu # sysupgrade full system upgrade
pacman -Rs <package-name>  # remove app from system

makepkg --help
makepkg -și
pacman -U package_file

# Install YAY
su paul
sudo pacman -S --needed git base-devel
mkdir -p ~/.apps/ 
cd ~/.apps/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
# id # to find the user and groups.
# sudo chown -R paul:users ./yay
cd yay
makepkg -si

# Install a package
yay -S <package-name>
# Upgrade all the packages on your system
yay -Syu
# Remove a package using
yay -Rns <package-name>

yay -S sublime-text-4

# OR
# Download tarball from https://www.sublimetext.com/download
mkdir -p ~/Apps
cd ~/Apps
wget https://download.sublimetext.com/sublime_text_build_4126_x64.tar.xz
tar -xvf sublime_text_build_4126_x64.tar.xz
cd sublime_text
sed -i.bak "s/\/opt/\/home\/paul\/Apps/g" sublime_text.desktop
cp sublime_text.desktop /usr/share/applications/

cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/ventoy/Ventoy/releases/download/v1.0.90/ventoy-1.0.90-linux.tar.gz
tar -xzvf ventoy-1.0.90-linux.tar.gz
lsblk
# get your disk and replace bellow. /dev/sde in my case.
sudo sh ventoy-1.0.90/Ventoy2Disk.sh -i -s /dev/sde
# or to upgrade
sudo sh ventoy-1.0.90/Ventoy2Disk.sh -u -s /dev/sde
# Or install using gui-mode
./VentoyGUI.x86_64

mount /dev/sde1 /media/usb
cd /media/usb
wget http://mirrors.chroot.ro/archlinux/iso/2023.03.01/archlinux-2023.03.01-x86_64.iso
cp  /home/paul/Downloads/Win11_22H2_EnglishInternational_x64v1.iso /media/usb

# Format USB to FAT32 using the Disks utility in Ubuntu.
# Get the usb disk. /dev/sde in my case.
lsblk
sudo dd bs=4M if=/home/paul/Downloads/Win11_22H2_EnglishInternational_x64v1.iso of=/dev/sde conv=fdatasync status=progress

# Get .iso image.
# Insert a USB drive 
# List block devices and determine the device name. (usb will be something like /dev/sde)
# lsblk
# Create a bootable flash drive from that image (https://bztsrc.gitlab.io/usbimager/).
# or Write the ISO to the device using dd.
dd bs=4M if=/home/paul/Downloads/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sde status=progress oflag=sync
# dd: copies and converts a file based on arguments.
# bs: amount of bytes to write at a time.
# if: specify a file to read rather than stdin.
# of: specify a file to write to rather than stdout.
# status: level to log to stderr; progress shows periodic transfer stats.
# oflag: set to sync synchronizes I/O for data and metadata.

# In Command Prompt, type the following command to bypass network requirements
OOBE\BYPASSNRO
# then press Enter

# see if you have any ip assigned
ip addr show
#for wifi interface
iwctl # promt have changed to iwd
device list # list all available wireless devices
# if device is powered off and no device is displayed
# I've solved it by blacklisting hp_wmi. Do this as root:
$ echo "blacklist hp_wmi" > /etc/modprobe.d/hp.conf
# Reboot, then unblock all WiFi with (as root):
$ rfkill unblock all
# scan local area and find wifi access points that we can connect to
# station <wireless-device-name/wlan0> scan 
station wlan0 scan
# scan is initiated but it will not show the results
station wlan0 get-networks # get list of wifi networks found
station wlan0  connect "CXP5" # connect to wireless network of choice
# exit the iwd prompt after some time (ctrl+d)
ctrl+d
ip a s
ping -c3 8.8.8.8
ping -c3 google.com

# another option is to use “wifi-connect”

#Set a root passwd for archiso.
passwd
#Enable sshd.
systemctl start sshd
#Determine your local address using ip a.
ip a s
# From another machine, ssh in.
ssh root@${TARGET_MACHINE_IP}

timedatectl set-ntp true

# Get the harddisk name and get device identifier. e.g.: /dev/nvme1n1
fdisk -l
# Start creating partitions
fdisk /dev/nvme1n1 # 
p # list all the partitions that you have
g # create a fresh partition layout. Will create a new GPT partition layout (this is needed on a single boot, fresh install)

n # create a new partition (UEFI partition)
# set partition number: 1
# accept the default sector
+500M # last sector set: +500M
t # set type of partition
# select partition type: 1 (for EFI system)
# Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System' will be displayed

# Create a second partition (boot partition)
n # create partition
# accept default partition number: 2
# accept default first sector
+512M # last sector set: +512M
p # list all the partitions that you have

# Create the 3rd partition (root partition)
n # crete the LVM partition
# accept default partition number:3
# accept default first sector
# accept default last sector to use all remaining disk
t # set type of partition
# set 3 for partition number
# change partition type to 43 for LVM (type L to list all partitions types as the number for LVM might change)
# Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'. is displayed

p # review partitions. 1st is efi system, 2nd = linux filesystem type 3 = lvm

w # save changes

mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/nvme1n1p1 # set FAT32 partition (EFI partition)
mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme1n1p2 # ext4 for 2nd partition (Boot partition)

# encrypt partition
cryptsetup -y --use-random luksFormat /dev/nvme1n1p3
# -y: interactively requests the passphrase twice.
# --use-random: uses /dev/random to produce keys.
# luksFormat: initializes a LUKS partition.
# unlock partition
cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/nvme1n1p3 lvm # # we call it "lvm". Opens the LUKS device and creates a mapping in /dev/mapper
# not that is open. lsblk command should display it as a sub mapper directory. Next command are going to be executed against the mapper.
pvcreate --dataalignment 1m /dev/mapper/lvm # create the physical volume
vgcreate vg00 /dev/mapper/lvm # create a volume group = a namespace that will contain logical volumes
# create two logical volumes (one for the root filesystem and another for home folder)
lvcreate -L 50GB vg00 -n lv_root
lvcreate -l 100%FREE vg00 -n lv_home
# Activate LVM
modprobe dm_mod # load the dm_mod kernel module into memory
vgscan # scan for volume groups
vgchange -ay # activate found volume group. will activate the logical volumes found in the volume group.

root@archiso ~ # lsblk
NAME               MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINTS
loop0                7:0    0 688.5M  1 loop  /run/archiso/airootfs
sda                  8:0    1     0B  0 disk
sdb                  8:16   1  14.7G  0 disk
├─sdb1               8:17   1  14.6G  0 part
│ └─ventoy         254:0    0 810.3M  1 dm
└─sdb2               8:18   1    32M  0 part
nvme1n1            259:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
├─nvme1n1p1        259:6    0   500M  0 part
├─nvme1n1p2        259:7    0   512M  0 part
└─nvme1n1p3        259:8    0 930.5G  0 part
  └─lvm            254:1    0 930.5G  0 crypt
    ├─vg00-lv_root 254:2    0    50G  0 lvm
    └─vg00-lv_home 254:3    0 880.5G  0 lvm
nvme0n1            259:1    0 465.8G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1        259:2    0   100M  0 part
├─nvme0n1p2        259:3    0    16M  0 part
├─nvme0n1p3        259:4    0   465G  0 part
└─nvme0n1p4        259:5    0   633M  0 part

# Format root logical volume
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/lv_root
# Format home logical volume
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/lv_home

# Mount the root logical volume
mount /dev/vg00/lv_root /mnt

# Create directory for boot and mount the second partition
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/nvme1n1p2 /mnt/boot

# Create and mount home directory
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/vg00/lv_home /mnt/home

# Get the harddisk name and get device identifier. e.g.: /dev/sda
lsblk
fdisk -l
# Device         	Start   	End   Sectors  Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1  	2048	206847	204800  100M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2	206848	239615 	32768   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme0n1p3	239616 103843839 103604224 49.4G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p4 103843840 105095167   1251328  611M Windows recovery environment
 
# Start creating partitions
fdisk /dev/nvme0n1 # 
p # list all the partitions that you have
# We don’t create a fresh GPT partition layout. Will be building on top of the partition layout created by the Windows install.

n # create partition
# accept default partition number: 5
# accept default first sector
+512M # last sector set: +512M
p # list all the partitions that you have

n # crete the LVM partition
# accept default partition number:6
# accept default first sector
# accept default last sector to use all remaining disk
t # set type of partition
# select the partition number: 6
# (type L to list all types)
# change partition type to 43 for “Linux LVM”

p # review partitions. Type of partitions is: 1st is efi system, 2nd = linux filesystem and 3rd = linux lvm
# /dev/nvme0n1p1  	2048	206847	204800   100M EFI System
# /dev/nvme0n1p5 105095168 106143743   1048576   512M Linux filesystem
# /dev/nvme0n1p6 106143744 500118158 393974415 187.9G Linux LVM

w # save changes

mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p5 # ext4 for 2nd partition (Boot partition)

# encrypt partition
cryptsetup -y --use-random luksFormat /dev/nvme0n1p6
# -y: interactively requests the passphrase twice.
# --use-random: uses /dev/random to produce keys.
# luksFormat: initializes a LUKS partition.
# unlock partition
cryptsetup open --type luks /dev/nvme0n1p6 lvm # we call it lvm or cryptlvm. Opens the LUKS device and creates a mapping in /dev/mapper
pvcreate --dataalignment 1m /dev/mapper/lvm # create the physical volume
vgcreate vg00 /dev/mapper/lvm # create a volume group = a namespace that will contain logical volumes
# create two logical volumes (one for the root filesystem and another for home folder)
lvcreate -L 50GB vg00 -n lv_root
lvcreate -l 100%FREE vg00 -n lv_home
# Activate LVM
modprobe dm_mod # load the dm_mod kernel module into memory
vgscan # scan for volume groups
vgchange -ay # activate found volume group. will activate the logical volumes found in the volume group.

# Format root logical volume
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/lv_root
# Format home logical volume
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/lv_home

# Mount the root logical volume to /mnt
mount /dev/vg00/lv_root /mnt

# Create directory for boot (create a boot directory at root) and mount the second partition (mount the boot directory to the boot partition)
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/nvme0n1p5 /mnt/boot

# Create an efi directory in /mnt/boot and Mount the Window's created EFI partition to /mnt/boot/efi
mkdir /mnt/boot/efi
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi

# Create and mount home directory
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/vg00/lv_home /mnt/home

vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
# Move the geographically closest mirrors to the top of the list and uncomment them.

# Install essential packages
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware linux-headers linux-lts linux-lts-headers
# Notice that I've installed two Linux kernel
# - the latest linux kernel (to have the latest features and upgrade)
# - linux-lts as fallback (just in case I mess something up).

# Install base packages
pacstrap -i /mnt base
# Access the in-progress Arch installation. 
# Change root into the new system:
arch-chroot /mnt # will give access to the arch installation. the command prompt is attached to that installation in progress. We'll make this installation independent of the boot media (usb disk).

# At this point our arch installation is a distribution not a linux because it does not have a linux kernel yet.
# Install default linux kernel and lts linux kernel (2 kernels)
pacman -S linux linux-firmware linux-headers linux-lts linux-lts-headers
# (linux = standard linux kernel, latest + linux-lts=long term supported linux kernel - more stable and have 2nd kernel as a failover if you mess-up with the latest one )
# ? not sure if linux-firmware needs to be installed instead of linux-headers and linux-lts-headers

pacstrap /mnt base-devel grub efibootmgr lvm2 vi git openssh

# base-devel: common package for development in Linux ( https://www.archlinux.org/groups/x86_64/# base-devel ).
# grub: (GRand Unified Bootloader) is a multi-boot loader.
# efibootmgr: userspace application used to modify the Intel Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) Boot Manager.
# lvm2: add lvm support (even if you don't use lvm)
# vi: text editor.
# git: version control system.
# openssh: remote login with the SSH protocol

# Create the directory for fstab file (file used by distribution when it boots up so it knows where to find all the partitions). 
mkdir -p /mnt/etc
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
cat /mnt/etc/fstab

# Change root into the new system:
arch-chroot /mnt # will give access to the arch installation. The command prompt is attached to that installation in progress. We'll make this installation independent of the boot media (usb disk).

# Enable OpenSSH
systemctl enable sshd

# Set the time zone:
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Bucharest /etc/localtime
# Run hwclock(8) to generate /etc/adjtime. Set the Hardware Clock from the System Clock, and update the timestamps in /etc/adjtime.
hwclock --systohc

# Uncomment the line from the /etc/locale.gen file that corresponds to your locale (uncomment en_US.UTF-8)
vi /etc/locale.gen
# Generate the locale
locale-gen
# Set the LANG variable to the same locale in /etc/locale.conf.
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
# The default console keymap is US If you set the console keyboard layout, make the changes persistent in vconsole.conf(5).

# Set your hostname.
echo "softaz" >> /etc/hostname

# Complete the network configuration for the newly installed environment.
# Installing suitable network management software.
pacman -S networkmanager wpa_supplicant wireless_tools netctl dialog iwd

# Enable networkmanager
systemctl enable NetworkManager

# Networking tools
# networkmanager: handles connecting to wireless and wired networks.
# wpa_supplicant: wireless drivers
# wireless_tools:
# netctl: network manager
# dialog: dialog (required for wifi-menu)
# iwd: wireless daemon for Linux written by Intel

# Edit /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
vi /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

# Look for a line called "HOOKS" that is not commented out.
# HOOKS are modules added to the initramfs image. Without encrypt and lvm2, systems won't contain modules necessary to decrypt LUKs.

# between "block" and "filesystems" (order matters) add
# - "encrypt" if you used encryption (if you did not use encryption don't add this)
# - and "lvm2" if you used lvm
# Move “keyboard” before “modconf” in HOOKS.
# Save the file that will contain HOOKS=(base ... block encrypt lvm2 filesystems ...)

# It should look similar to the following (don't copy this line in case they change it):
HOOKS=(base udev autodetect keyboard modconf kms keymap consolefont block encrypt lvm2 filesystems fsck)

# Build initramfs with the linux preset. Create the initial ramdisk for the main kernel (activate the options added)
mkinitcpio -p linux
# Create the initial ramdisk for the LTS kernel (if you installed it)
mkinitcpio -p linux-lts

# Set the root password
passwd

# Create a user for yourself
# useradd -m -g users -G wheel <username>
useradd -m -g users -G wheel paul

# Set your password
passwd paul

# Install sudo
pacman -S sudo

# Allow users in the 'wheel' group to use sudo
EDITOR=vi visudo
# Uncomment:
wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
OR
%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# Install the required packages for GRUB:
pacman -S grub dosfstools os-prober mtools
# Install GRUB:
grub-install --target=i386-pc --recheck /dev/sda
# Create the locale directory for GRUB
mkdir /boot/grub/locale
# Copy the locale file to locale directory
cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo
# Generate GRUB's config file
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

# Install the required packages for GRUB:
pacman -S grub efibootmgr dosfstools os-prober mtools
# Create the EFI directory:
mkdir /boot/EFI
# Mount the EFI partition:
mount /dev/<DEVICE PARTITION 1> /boot/EFI
# Install GRUB:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=grub_uefi --recheck
# Create the locale directory for GRUB
mkdir /boot/grub/locale
# Copy the locale file to locale directory
cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo
#Generate GRUB's config file
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

# Install the required packages for GRUB:
pacman -S grub efibootmgr dosfstools os-prober mtools
# Create the EFI directory:
mkdir /boot/EFI
# Mount the EFI partition:
mount /dev/<DEVICE_PARTITION_1> /boot/EFI
# Install GRUB:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=grub_uefi --recheck
# Create the locale directory for GRUB
mkdir /boot/grub/locale
# Copy the locale file to locale directory
cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo
# Set up GRUB to be able to unlock the disk
# Open the defaulg config file for GRUB:
vi /etc/default/grub
# Uncomment:
GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y
#Add cryptdevice=<PARTUUID>:volgroup0 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line If using standard device naming, the option will look similar this (be sure to adjust the device name):
cryptdevice=/dev/sda3:volgroup0:allow-discards quiet
#Generate GRUB's config file
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

# Install the required packages for GRUB:
pacman -S grub efibootmgr dosfstools os-prober mtools

# ---
# Create the EFI directory. This might be already done on the "mount" step.
mkdir -p /boot/efi
# Mount the EFI partition. This might be already done on the "mount" step.
# For dual boot with Windows EFI. Mount the Window's created EFI partition to /boot/efi  
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/efi
# OR For dual boot with Windows EFI on a separate disk and Linux on another mount the linux efi partition from the second disk
#mount /dev/nvme1n1p1 /boot/efi 
# if you are mounting while logged into the arch system (after arch-chroot) command. If you mounted before the arch-chroot command use the full path /mnt/boot/efi
# ---

# Determine the UUID of your root partition and EFI partition.
fdisk -l
blkid
# nvme0n1p1 = /boot/efi = example UUID="8028-DFC2"
# nvme0n1p6 if dual boot on one disk = / = example UUID="6e0e2ea6-27e5-4d49-9a87-4503c08124f7" OR
# nvme1n1p3 if dual boot on two separate disks = / = example UUID="aacb44ed-54fa-4481-be1a-4a46aabad50f"
# Those will be referenced in the Grub configuration

# Edit the GRUB boot loader configuration.
vi /etc/default/grub

# Update the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX to match the format cryptdevice=UUID=${ROOT_UUID}:cryptroot root=/dev/mapper/cryptroot where ${ROOT_UUID} is the UUID captured above.
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cryptdevice=UUID=aacb44ed-54fa-4481-be1a-4a46aabad50f:lvm root=/dev/mapper/vg00-lv_root"

# Add grub menu item for Windows 11 by editing /etc/grub.d/40_custom.
# Replace $FS_UUID with the EFI partition's UUID, found in step above of this section. $FS_UUID is specified after --set=root
cp /etc/grub.d/40_custom /etc/grub.d/40_custom.bak
vi /etc/grub.d/40_custom

#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "System shutdown" {
    	echo "System shutting down..."
    	halt
}
menuentry "System restart" {
    	echo "System rebooting..."
    	reboot
}
if [ "${grub_platform}" == "efi" ]; then
  menuentry "Windows 11" {
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod fat
    insmod search_fs_uuid
    insmod chain
    search --fs-uuid --set=root $FS_UUID #change "$FS_UUID" with the windows EFI partition ID. e.g.: 8028-DFC2
    chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
    # chainloader /EFI/VeraCryot/DcsBoot.efi # if you used Veracrypt for windows encryption
  }
fi

# Install grub on the master boot record
grub-install
# This assumes your efi is located in /boot/efi; additional flags are available if you used an alternative location.
# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=grub_uefi --recheck /dev/nvme0n1 # without a partition number at the end.

# ---
# Create the locale directory for GRUB if it does not exist
ls -alh /boot/grub
mkdir -p /boot/grub/locale
# Copy the locale file to locale directory
cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo
# if you want to use another language in grub refer to the documentation for that.
# ---

#---
# In /etc/default/grub you don't need to enable GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y . This is needed only if your boot partition is encrypted. In our case it is not.
# For dual-boot we added grub to a separate non-encrypted disk (nvme1n1p2    	259:15   0   512M  0 part  /boot). 

# If you have grub on encrypted disk to the steps from the following description
# For encryption only. Inform grub that it needs to trigger the unlock of the disk at boot otherwise is not going to boot at all.
# Set up GRUB to be able to unlock the disk
# Open the default config file for GRUB:
#vi /etc/default/grub
# search for GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y and uncomment that line
#GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y

# Also edit line
# GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="loglevel=3 quiet"
# to
# GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="cryptdevice=/dev/sda3:volgroup0:allow-discards loglevel=3 quiet"
#Add cryptdevice=<PARTUUID>:volgroup0 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line If using standard device naming, the option will look similar this (be sure to adjust the device name):
# cryptdevice=/dev/sda3:volgroup0:allow-discards quiet
# ---

# Generate the grub configuration.
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

# To set a custom font and size, create a grub-compatible font.
pacman -S wget unzip freetype2
{
  mkdir -p /usr/share/grub-fonts/
  wget https://github.com/source-foundry/Hack/releases/download/v3.003/Hack-v3.003-ttf.zip -O /usr/share/grub-fonts/Hack-v3.003-ttf.zip
  unzip /usr/share/grub-fonts/Hack-v3.003-ttf.zip -d /usr/share/grub-fonts/
}
grub-mkfont -s 30 -o /boot/grubfont.pf2 /usr/share/grub-fonts/ttf/Hack-Regular.ttf

vi /etc/default/grub
# Then add the following in /etc/default/grub
GRUB_FONT="/boot/grubfont.pf2"

vi /etc/default/grub
# modify at the top
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
# uncomment
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true
# Add “savedefault” to Windows menuentry
vi /etc/grub.d/40_custom
menuentry 'Windows 11' {
	savedefault	# <<<<<<<<<<<< THIS Attribute was missing!
}
# Regenerate the grub config.
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

# Because we installed two kernel (arch latest and arch-lts) the simple "Arch Linux" optiont (not the Advanced) can be updated to point to latest or lts version as you need (default is it takes the lts)
# find all instelled kernels
find /boot/vmli*
# get current kernel
uname -r
pacman -Q linux
# Read thread https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=266583
vi /etc/grub.d/10_linux
# Change the line (# replace -r with -V)
reverse_sorted_list=$(echo $list | tr ' ' '\n' | sed -e 's/\.old$/ 1/; / 1$/! s/$/ 2/' | version_sort -r | sed -e 's/ 1$/.old/; s/ 2$//')
# with
reverse_sorted_list=$(echo $list | tr ' ' '\n' | sed -e 's/\.old$/ 1/; / 1$/! s/$/ 2/' | version_sort -V | sed -e 's/ 1$/.old/; s/ 2$//')
# Regenerate the grub config.
rm /boot/grub/grub.cfg
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
# Verify menuentry from /boot/grub/grub.cfg
# menuentry 'Arch Linux' {
# ...
# initrd  /intel-ucode.img /initramfs-linux.img # or initramfs-linux-lts.img
#}
#
# OR - simply modify the
# vi /boot/grub/grub.cfg

exit # Exit the arch-chroot environment by typing exit
umount -a # umount -R /mnt
reboot

nmtui

# on another machine
ssh paul@<ip-of-laptop>

# 8GB swap example
sudo su
cd /root
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=8192  status=progress
chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | tee -a /etc/fstab
mount -a
swapon -a
free -m

# timedatectl list-timezones
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Bucharest
# synchronize clock
sudo systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname softaz
sudo cat /etc/hostname

sudo vi /etc/hosts
# add the hostname used
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 softaz 

sudo pacman -S intel-ucode
# or 
# pacman -S amd-ucode 

lsblk

cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/nvme1n1p3 lvm
vgscan
vgchange -ay

```bash
# Mount lvm root at /mnt.
mount /dev/vg00/lv_root /mnt
# Mount the boot directory to the boot partition.
mount /dev/nvme1n1p2 /mnt/boot
# Mount the Window's created EFI partition to /mnt/boot/efi.
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi

# Create and mount home directory
mkdir -p /mnt/home
mount /dev/vg00/lv_home /mnt/home

lsblk # check

arch-chroot /mnt

#.e.g: 
pacman -S NetworkManager

exit
umount -a # umount -R /mnt
reboot